名人教英文 – 感情的色彩

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01/12/2009

名人教英文 – 感情的色彩 吳靄儀

今天的課題是:怎樣用適當的文字,正確表達出不同的感情。其實這個課題,不單是學英文應該下工夫,學中文也是要在這方面下工夫的。例如,要求對方做一些事或給我們一些東西,我們可以用ask、request、demand、command、direct、instruct 等等,視乎情况和要表達的感情而定。

She asks them to come to dinner.-ask 是平實、禮貌而相當中性的。

Mr and Mrs John Lee request the pleasure of the companyof Miss Mary Chan for dinner.-request 也是中性而禮貌,但是帶正式而隆重。

We demand universal suffrage.-demand 是語氣強硬的要求,所以政治口號往往用上這個字。

Command,命令,語氣更強,而且含意是作出命令的人有權這樣做。Direct,語氣似乎中性,但更沒有轉寰的餘地:Thecourt directs the parties to submit their documents by nextMonday.(法庭指令訴訟雙方在下星期一前呈交文件。)-語氣視乎身分,用詞要精確,先要了解雙方的身分及關係。

應表達的感情,同樣也視乎身分和場合。I am unhappy aboutcancelling the holiday.-取消了假期,我感到不高興,但也不是什麼大不了的事。The sad news of his death wasannounced yesterday-sad 是較平靜的哀傷,公眾場合適宜莊重, 不適宜過分激動。She was broken-hearted aboutlosing her friend-broken-hearted,中文有個現成的詞,就是「傷心」,強烈一點,可說「心碎」。Distressed 是激動的傷感,sorrowful 是深重的哀愁。西人有謂:More in sorrow thanin anger。對於政府「翻叮」方案,我們已不再憤怒,因為哀莫大於心死。

我不鼓勵人背字典、學生字,但細心分辨各種程度和性質感情,怎樣藉着不同的詞語表達出來,是基本的工夫。

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