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08/06/2009
名人教英文 – 期望性問題
英文的慣常用法中，有些問題是存在期望性或指導性的，即是說發問者覺得答案是會認同問者的看法。中文文法在這方面沒有什麼特別的設定，與英文的用法有頗大分別。英文在這種情况下，問者會以正反用詞的先後次序，來顯示問者期望的答案是正面或反面。例如： 「You do like to go to the movies, don’t you?」，在問題後加上「don’t you?」，並不是期望答者會說不，相反，用意是期望答者會說： 「Yes, I do like movies.」。相反地， 「You don’t like to stay at home,do you?」的答案不會是「Yes, I do like to stay at home.」，而是「No, I don’t like to stay at home.」。
留意這種用法同樣適用於其他時間性的動詞，所以「You will stay at home tomorrow, won’t you?」的答案不會是「No, I won’t stay at home tomorrow.」，而是「Yes, I shall stay at home tomorrow.」；或者「You didn’t stay at home last night, did you?」的答案會是「No, I didn’t stay at home last night.」，而非「Yes, I did stay at home last night.」。
另一種十分普遍的英文用法，也比較接近中文的用法，是一方以「是」或「否」來詢問對方的意見或看法。例如：「You will stay at home tomorrow, yes?」的答案會是「Yes,I shall stay at home tomorrow.」。但留意這種用法不一定須照顧到正反用詞的一致性， 因此「You will stay at home tomorrow, no?」的答案，可以是「No, I won’t stay at home tomorrow.」。
作者網址：www.ronnytong.org
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