名人教英文 – 特首黑馬、免費午餐

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07/06/2011

名人教英文 – 特首黑馬、免費午餐 毛孟靜

留意新聞時事,會聽說過「特首黑馬」。黑馬,a dark horse,形容意料之外,有潛質的贏家。小心不說black horse,那純粹指黑顏色的馬。Dark 與black 都是黑,為什麼不能通用?沒法解釋,就是習用,就像勒索是blackmail,不講darkmail。

黑馬一說,可用於任何競賽,尤其套諸選舉: 陳大文was a true dark horse in the election, after his come-from-behind win. 陳大文在選舉中從後趕上,名副其實地以黑馬姿態勝出。

有記載道,1831年,時年27歲,未成英國首相的Benjamin Disraeli 寫了本小說,裏頭形容先前未為人注意的一頭dark horse贏了一場賽事,就成了後世黑馬一說。

中文另一馬的形容,是叮噹馬頭,指勢均力敵、爭持不下,英文當然不是ding dong horse head。最通用自在的講法是:

They are running neck and neck.Neck and neck,兩條馬頸並排,未分勝負。今日多用於選舉、民調等:

The poll shows the Democrats almost neck and neck with the Royalist Party.而won by a nose,不就是我們的「贏了個馬鼻」。贏得更驚險的, 是won by a whisker。Whisker,一條鬚,接近「千鈞一髮」的驚慄。

He won the election by a whisker,他在選舉中贏了條馬鬚!

上述「馬話」,都是政治術語。如果見到一間招牌Dark Horse Inn的酒館,第一個政治聯想,是一句There is no such thing as a free lunch,即我們口語中的:呢個世界,邊有免費午餐吖!

話說1840 年代,美國許多食肆為搶生意,推出「叫飲品送午餐」的噱頭,之謂get a free lunch。但所謂免費午餐,不過是鹹小吃,salty snacks,令顧客口渴,再多叫飲品。這也解釋了許多酒吧酒館,今日繼續奉上免費薯片花生的理由。

A free lunch?邊有咁大隻蛤乸隨街跳。Even when it seems free, there’s usually a hidden cost. 即使看似免費, 「預咗要還」。

There’s No Such Thing as a Free Lunch 亦是已故美國自由市場學家佛利民(Milton Friedman)一本經濟名著的書名,1975 年出版。此後這句話在經濟學圈中開始流行。

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