籮底橙=rejects

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19/03/2013

籮底橙=rejects 毛孟靜

人生在世,最緊要有得揀,It is most important to be able to choose,都話自由的最低定義,就係有選擇︰ There is no freedom without choice。

這樣說來,亦即是有選擇就有自由︰Where there is choice, there is freedom。是不是呢?也並非絕對。

在一場選舉,儘管有好幾個候選人,但沒一個合你的心意, 「揀唔落」,亦即沒得揀, 最終對你來說是一場no-choiceelection。不過即使你投白票或拒絕投票,仍然是行使了選擇自由、freedom of choice。

但又試想像,香港不日終於一人一票選特首了,卻是因為「入閘」門檻太高,又或規定要「愛國愛黨」方可參選,於是站出來的候選人來來去去那幾張老油條臉孔,這款「揀唔落」,源於制度有大漏洞,權力擺明以制度「玩№」,選民就不可能有真正的選擇自由了。

也即是說,若先要由北京認可才能參選,那場選舉也不再是election,到底不過是selection 而矣。

我們口語說︰ 「有得揀,但都係籮底橙。」籮底橙, 也不必譯orange 什麼了,就叫reject,這裏用做名詞︰We have choices. But they are all rejects.

「百貨招百客」、「蘿蔔青菜,各有所愛」,最終都不過是個人的free choice。

Choice 常與chance(機會、機緣)相對,等於我們口頭講的「整定」︰Is destiny a matter of chance or choice? 命運, 到底是講機緣、「整定」,還是計選擇?

Free will(精神自由)就係free choice (選擇自由)。怎樣自由地揀呢?不離三個條件︰ On his own judgement(一個人的自決)、for his own goals(為自己的目標)、by his voluntary, uncoerced choice (完全自發、不受壓迫的選擇)。

這當中,自然包含好些哲學的爭議,諸如透過人性的自私(selfishness)或無知(ignorance),會出現負面的calculated choice ( 經過計算的選擇) 、loaded choice( 「有餡的」、即有利益衝突的選擇),還有guess choice(純粹靠估的選擇)。

但新時代大多數人會崇尚pro-choice,同意有得揀,於是社會會出現pro-choice policies(讓人民有得揀的政策)。美國總統奧巴馬有這一句︰”The reason I’m pro-choice is because I don’t think women take that position casually.” 「我同意有得揀,是因為我不認為女性會隨隨便便就做那個決定。」說的, 是墮胎(abortion),一個不休的爭議。

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