英文的「馬」語

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27/01/2014

英文的「馬」語 毛孟靜

新的農曆年是馬年,跟大家多談英文的「馬」語。有說,英文中有關動物的習用語,排第一的是馬,比人類的最好朋友——狗,還要多呢。

年少時,在外頭大學讀新聞系,講師老是叫我們到外頭實地採訪, to get the stuff from the horse’s mouth, 「從馬的口中攞料」?第一次聽,心裏頭奇怪得可以,怎地把受訪者比喻做馬?之後就知道, 有句老話, 是straight from the horse’s mouth, 「直接來自馬口」,指直接從當事人處得知。

在新聞學中的意思,也就是去採訪事主,不論電視、電台或文字媒介,可以直接播出畫面聲帶或以「」號引述,是最理想的報道格式。當然,from the horse’s mouth 的horse,除了指涉事的人,亦包括可靠消息來源reliable sources,以及權威人士people in authority 。

? The story must be true. The quotes are all straight from the horse’s mouth. 這故事一定真確,裏頭的話都引述自當事人。

Straight from the horse’s mouth 這套用法,比較現代,源自上世紀西方社會蓬勃的賽馬賭博。看下面這句:I got a tip yesterday, and if it wasn’t straight from the horse’s mouth it was jolly well the next thing to it.我昨天得了個下注貼士,即使不是直接由馬兒用嘴巴告訴我,也真差不多了。馬嘴很重要,是因為以前買賣馬匹,要掀開馬的嘴巴檢查牙齒,來決定年歲。另外三句較舊的馬語,今日都仍是日常話,值得一學:

1. Get off your high horse. 叫人不要扮嘢。Stop acting like you are better than the others, 「從高大的馬背上下來」。We’re fed up with your pretentiousness. 我們厭倦了你的做作。Get off the high horse!

2. Don’t put the cart before the horse. 別把車放在馬之前。應是馬拉車,車拉不了馬。比喻不要本末倒置,優次不分。Don’t mess things up. 別把事情弄得一團糟。Don’t put the cart before the horse!

3. Hold your horses. 勒馬。但不像中文的「懸崖勒馬」,這句英文的意思很輕巧,等於hold on,不過叫人be patient有耐性、avoid acting rashly 不要在匆忙或衝動下做決定而已。

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