要識得-ling -ling

分享給朋友

11/11/2013

要識得-ling -ling 毛孟靜

都聽過「太子黨」吧,英文叫princeling(s),是prince 加ling,即「小王子」。英文用語,在一個字後面加-ling,是指那個字所代表事物的年輕版、或粗劣版。

美國《華爾街日報》的財經新聞,曾有這麼一句: For banks, the Chinese “princeling”stock has fallen. 對銀行來說,那隻中國「太子黨」的股票已失寵了。

太子黨,顧名思義,有世襲的意思,所以西式叫法,另有crown prince party。Party,固然是黨;而crown prince,是皇室繼承人、皇太子。用作比喻,指一個人prepared or favoured to fill a prospective position,已準備好或受欽點也似去接任一個銜頭、地位。

There are factional fights within the Chinese crown prince party. 中國太子黨內,有派系鬥爭。

英文的princeling、小王子,相對地聽起來,彷彿正面得多。因為用中文解讀,小王子容易令我們聯想世界知名的法國小小說The Little Prince,中譯不也就是《小王子》。這裏要注意的,是英文在一個字後面加-ling,往往且帶侮辱:

Under + ling = Underling,類似我們的「跟班、馬仔、傍友」。字典解說為(1) An insulting word for someone who is less important or has lower status in an organisation than someone else. 頗帶貶意地指在一個組織架構中, 相對地不重要或地位低之人。(2) A person of low rank who works for a more powerful person. 在重要人物身邊為之賣力者。所以要小心,日常口語說「Peter 係under 大老闆嘅」,沒有問題。但說「Peter 是大老闆的underling」,因為有跟班之類的味道,就容易得罪人了。

Hire + ling = Hireling,字面意思是「受僱的小人物」。跟underling 不同的,是underling 一般指全職僱員,做的是長期服務;但hireling 可指兼職、play for pay, 逐單計地「收錢演出」,尤指打手、殺手一類的角色。字典解釋(1) One who is willing to perform for a fee tasks considered menial or offensive, with little to no concern for the value of the work. 一個純粹收酬辦事的人,亦不顧辦的事有否意義價值。(2)One who is paid for a job that is considered morally wrong. 一個為收錢而去承擔一項給視為道德上有錯失任務的人。

也就是說, 「網上五毛」者,亦可叫onlinehirelings。當然,確也有ling 字尾的字,實實在在一點負面意思都沒有,包括:

Duckling,小鴨子。雖然大多數人會立刻想到The Ugly Duckling,安徒生童話中醜小鴨變天鵝的故事。

Sibling,兄弟姊妹的統稱。這個字的常用組詞,指的卻也是壞事:sibling rivalry,兄弟姊妹間的比併之心、兄弟鬩牆。例句:

There is always sibling rivalry in that family.

分享給朋友

  • The Civic Party respects your personal privacy and is committed to maintaining your trust and confidence. We believe in ensuring the security of your personal information. Please contact us if you have any questions or concerns. The purpose of collecting the information in this form is to complete the purchase concerned and allow the Civic Party to contact you in the future. We are the sole owner of any information we collect. Your personal information is not lent or sold to anyone for any purpose.

  • The Civic Party respects your personal privacy and is committed to maintaining your trust and confidence. We believe in ensuring the security of your personal information. Please take the time to read this policy, and contact us if you have any questions or concerns. We strive to protect any personal information you may provide us but by law we must allow inspection of the volunteer register. Your personal data will be put into our volunteer database and will be used only for the purposes of arranging volunteer service and communicating with you. We are the sole owner of any information we collect. Your personal information is not lent or sold to anyone for any purpose. You may contact us for enquiry, updating or ceasing the use of your personal information.

  • 公民黨絕對尊重閣下的個人私隱,並會將資料保密。我們會妥善保存閣下提交予我們的任何個人資料。如有任何疑問,請聯絡我們。閣下在此表格提供的資料,只用於處理是次購買以及日後與本黨之聯繫。閣下的資料絕對保密,只供本黨保存和參考,絕不會外借或出售,或透露予任何第三者。

  • 公民黨絕對尊重閣下的個人私隱,並會將資料保密。我們會妥善保存閣下提交予我們的任何個人資料。請細閱此私隱政策,如有任何疑問,請聯絡我們。我們藉此表格收集 閣下資料的目的,是處理 閣下的義工申請,閣下所提交的個人資料將儲存於本黨的義工資料庫內,並只會用於本黨安排義工服務及與閣下通訊的用途上。閣下的資料只供本黨保存和參考,絕不會外借或出售。如欲查詢、更改或要求停止使用你的個人資料,請與本黨聯絡。